{"id":4985,"date":"2026-06-25T12:24:33","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T09:24:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/?page_id=4985"},"modified":"2026-08-26T21:07:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T18:07:13","slug":"toompea-castle","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/en\/visit-us\/toompea-castle\/","title":{"rendered":"Toompea Castle"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Toompea has been the centre of power in Estonia for 800 years. In the course of times, vice-regents of Denmark, commanders of the Livonian Order and the Swedish and Russian governors have ruled the territories of Estonia from here. In the first decades of the Republic of Estonia, Toompea Castle was also the residence of the state elders, and for a long time the Government of the Republic of Estonia worked here together with the parliament \u2013 the Riigikogu. At present Toompea Castle is occupied by the Riigikogu. In the course of centuries, Toompea Castle has turned from a medieval fortress into a modern centre of government. Besides the 101 members of the Riigikogu, about 251 officials of the Chancellery of the Riigikogu work here.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stronghold of power<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/wpcms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Vaade-Tallinnale-l%C3%A4%C3%A4nest.-Grav%C3%BC%C3%BCr-A.-Oleariuse-reisikirjast-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">View of Tallinn from the west. Engraving from book of travels by Adam Olearius &#8220;Offt begehrteBeschreibung den Newen Orientalischen Reise &#8230;&#8221;, 1647. National Library of Estonia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/wpcms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Vaade-Tallinnale-l%C3%A4%C3%A4nest.-Grav%C3%BC%C3%BCr-A.-Oleariuse-reisikirjast.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/en\/visit-us\/toompea-castle\/toompea-castle-and-riigikogu-building\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"5210\">The history of Toompea<\/a> is the history of the rulers of Estonia and their power. Times and rulers have changed with the change of powers and mentalities. Each ruler has built and fortified this place according to their needs and tastes. The best master builders and architects of their times have worked here. Time has been kind to Toompea Castle. The well-fortified castle has been unconquerable, it has not been damaged by great fires and what is the most important \u2013 the castle has always had someone to take care of it. And so the visitors can come and enjoy the mosaic of periods and styles that together form an amazing whole.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-info is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Livonian Order (1347\u20131561) and the Russian Empire (1710\u20131917) have ruled Toompea and thus most of the territory of Estonia for the longest time.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mosaic-of-periods\">Mosaic of periods<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The palace complex of Toompea consists of parts that date from different periods. One of the most exciting of them is the medieval order castle with its powerful western wall and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/en\/visit-us\/toompea-castle\/tall-hermann-and-toompea-towers\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"5153\">towers<\/a> like the Tall Hermann, where the flag of our country flows every day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The&nbsp;<span data-tooltip=\"The Baroque architecture is characterised by symmetry, grandioseness, projecting and retreating surfaces and abundance of ornamental decorative details.\" class=\"has-tooltip\">Baroque facade<\/span>&nbsp;of the building of the administration of the Province of Estonia from the Russian times faces the Castle Square, the building of the Riigikogu that was erected during the Estonian times is hidden inside the castle walls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/wpcms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/riigikogu_valitsejad_en.png\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Infographic, Lords of Toompea Castle<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/et.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eesti_ajalugu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">All rulers of Estonia<\/a> \u2013 Danes, Germans, Swedes, Russians and finally Estonians themselves \u2013 have since the 13th century made a significant contribution to the development of Toompea Castle, making it stronger and statelier in accordance with their growing needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thanks to them, Toompea Castle that is built of the local limestone, is very <a href=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/en\/visit-us\/toompea-castle\/kunst-ja-sisearhitektuur\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"5189\">rich from the point of view of art history<\/a>. Different art styles, from Gothic to the eclectic architecture of the 1930s, are intertwined with each other, forming an amazingly organic whole. The medieval parts of the castle are magnificent examples of fortification architecture, but the&nbsp;<span data-tooltip=\"Renaissance (from the French word renaissance, meaning 'rebirth') was a period in the cultural history of Europe that followed the Middle Ages and lasted from the 14th to the 16th century, when the culture of ancient Greece and Rome was considered an ideal.\" class=\"has-tooltip\">Renaissance<\/span>&nbsp;has given the castle several stonecraft details. In the 18th century, the Late Baroque building of the province government with its palace-like main facade was added to the Gothic castle, and the young Republic of Estonia gave us the only <a href=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/en\/visit-us\/toompea-castle\/toompea-castle-and-riigikogu-building\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"5210\">Expressionist style parliamentary building<\/a> in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus the different parts of the castle complex originate from all important periods of the history of Estonia, making Toompea a magnificent monument to the eventful history of the Estonian people. In the 1930s,&nbsp;<span data-tooltip=\"New buildings in the northern and southern wing of Toompea Castle complex were constructed and the Governor's Garden was established.\" class=\"has-tooltip\">thorough reconstruction works<\/span>&nbsp;took place in the castle. In 2013, the&nbsp;<span data-tooltip=\"The interior of the hall that had been preserved from 1935 \u2013 ceilings, floor and long walls \u2013 was restored. The end walls were freed from the Soviet office-like furnishings and got a completely new look.\" class=\"has-tooltip\">White Hall<\/span>&nbsp;and the facade were restored.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section\n    class=\"my-12\"\n    aria-labelledby=\"focus-title-block_b2934721a36247ed785baa9477a4e753\"\n  >\n    <div class=\"xl:container xl:mx-auto px-4\">\n      <div class=\"flex items-start flex-wrap justify-between gap-4 mb-6 lg:mb-8\">\n        <h2\n          id=\"focus-title-block_b2934721a36247ed785baa9477a4e753\"\n          class=\"text-2xl lg:text-3xl font-bold m-0 w-full md:w-auto\"\n        > <\/h2>\n\n              <\/div>\n\n              <focus-carousel\n          :items='[{\"title\":\"White Hall\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/white-hall\\\/\",\"thumbUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/Valge-saal_Martin_Siplane_2013-768x512.jpg\",\"thumbAlt\":\"\",\"external\":false},{\"title\":\"Session Hall of the Riigikogu\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/session-hall-of-the-riigikogu\\\/\",\"thumbUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/Riigikogu-istungisaal_Paul-Kuimet-e1553084544187-768x511.jpg\",\"thumbAlt\":\"\",\"external\":false},{\"title\":\"Tall Hermann and Toompea towers\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/tall-hermann-toompea-towers\\\/\",\"thumbUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/Pikk-Hermann-533x800-244x366-1.jpg\",\"thumbAlt\":\"\",\"external\":false},{\"title\":\"Art and Interior Design\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/art-interior-design\\\/\",\"thumbUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/Valge-saal-Martin-Siplane-2013-768x512.jpg\",\"thumbAlt\":\"\",\"external\":false},{\"title\":\"Tour of Toompea Castle\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/tour-toompea-castle\\\/\",\"thumbUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/360-231x185-1.png\",\"thumbAlt\":\"\",\"external\":false},{\"title\":\"Toompea Castle and Riigikogu building\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/toompea-castle-riigikogu-building\\\/\",\"thumbUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/Riigikogu-hoone-248x435-2017.-Foto-Jaan-Janesmae-236x185-1.jpg\",\"thumbAlt\":\"\",\"external\":false}]'\n          label=\" \"\n        ><\/focus-carousel>\n          <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Toompea has been the centre of power in Estonia for 800 years. In the course of times, vice-regents of Denmark, commanders of the Livonian Order and the Swedish and Russian governors have ruled the territories of Estonia from here. In the first decades of the Republic of Estonia, Toompea Castle was also the residence of the state elders, and for a long time the Government of the Republic of Estonia worked here together with the parliament \u2013 the Riigikogu. At present Toompea Castle is occupied by the Riigikogu. In the course of centuries, Toompea Castle has turned from a medieval fortress into a modern centre of government. Besides the 101 members of the Riigikogu, about 251 officials of the Chancellery of the Riigikogu work here.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":8471,"parent":4991,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4985","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Toompea Castle &#8211; Riigikogu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/en\/visit-us\/toompea-castle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Toompea Castle &#8211; Riigikogu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Toompea has been the centre of power in Estonia for 800 years. In the course of times, vice-regents of Denmark, commanders of the Livonian Order and the Swedish and Russian governors have ruled the territories of Estonia from here. In the first decades of the Republic of Estonia, Toompea Castle was also the residence of the state elders, and for a long time the Government of the Republic of Estonia worked here together with the parliament \u2013 the Riigikogu. At present Toompea Castle is occupied by the Riigikogu. In the course of centuries, Toompea Castle has turned from a medieval fortress into a modern centre of government. Besides the 101 members of the Riigikogu, about 251 officials of the Chancellery of the Riigikogu work here.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/en\/visit-us\/toompea-castle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Riigikogu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/riigikogu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-26T18:07:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.riigikogu.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/aFEP_5286-scaled-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@riigikogu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/\",\"name\":\"Toompea Castle &#8211; Riigikogu\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/aFEP_5286-scaled-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-25T09:24:33+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-26T18:07:13+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/en\\\/visit-us\\\/toompea-castle\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/aFEP_5286-scaled-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.riigikogu.ee\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/aFEP_5286-scaled-1.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":2560,\"caption\":\"Toompea loss. 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