The Legal Affairs Committee is one of the standing committees of the Riigikogu. Since 1992, the Legal Affairs Committee has been the leading committee in the legislative proceeding of Bills dealing with the reform of private law, criminal law and internal security. The Legal Affairs Committee also conducts the legislative proceeding of acts regulating the specialised services of public service (police service, border guard service, rescue service and prosecution service). Draft legislation concerning the activities of lawyers, notaries, sworn translators, bailiffs and trustees in bankruptcy, as well as bills on ratification of international conventions and agreements fall within the sphere of work of the Legal Affairs Committee.

Pursuant to the Resolution of the Riigikogu, the Committee forms its opinion on draft legislation of the European Union and forwards its position to the European Union Affairs Committee. The Legal Affairs Committee also exercises control over the executive power within its area of activity.